{Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience}

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Title	{Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience}
Publication Type	Journal Article
Year of Publication	2016
Authors	Bird L, Lew D, Milligan M, E. Carlini M, Estanqueiro A, Flynn D, Gomez-Lazaro E, Holttinen H, Menemenlis N, Orths A, Eriksen PBørre, J. Smith C, Söder L, Sorensen P, Altiparmakis A, Yasuda Y, Miller J
Journal	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Volume	65
Pagination	577–586
Date Published	nov
ISSN	13640321
Abstract	Greater penetrations of variable renewable generation on some electric grids have resulted in increased levels of curtailment in recent years. Studies of renewable energy grid integration have found that curtailment levels may grow as the penetration of wind and solar energy generation increases. This paper reviews international experience with curtailment of wind and solar energy on bulk power systems in recent years, with a focus on eleven countries in Europe, North America, and Asia. It examines levels of curtailment, the causes of curtailment, curtailment methods and use of market-based dispatch, as well as operational, institutional, and other changes that are being made to reduce renewable energy curtailment.
URL	http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032116303161
DOI	10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.082